The NCBTMB defines transference as “a client’s unresolved feelings and issues which are unconsciously transferred to the practitioner” and counter-transference as “a practitioner’s unresolved feelings and issues which are unconsciously transferred to the client.”

The two terms come from psychology where, originally regarded as impediments in the first part of the last century, they have become seen as essential parts of the psychological healing process. Massage is not psychology, however, and the NCBTMB does not want these dynamics in the massage room.

One way to avoid the issue is to establish rigorous boundaries and to monitor one’s thoughts and behavior for incidents coming close to the established limits. The therapist/client relationship is a professional commercial transaction and is not the appropriate forum to handle latent psychological issues.

The therapist can review the therapist’s own feelings and issues to make sure they are kept outside of the session. But the Standard also requires the therapist to “limit the impact” of the client’s counter-transference. The therapist can move towards this goal by not becoming too friendly or familiar with the client. Time boundaries can be established by the therapist which will emphasize the professional, non-personal nature of the session. One article recommends saying “I will be working on you for about fifteen minutes” and “I have about five minutes left. Is there any particular area you would like me to focus on for that time?” This reinforces the professional, commercial nature of the session and diminishes the intimacy which may contribute to counter-transference.

Physical boundaries between the therapist and client will also inhibit transference. The therapist should be outside the room when the client disrobes or dresses and should utilize proper draping.